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Getting started

A guide to installing and setting up various Linux programs.

References

mkvtoolnix

MKVToolNix is a set of tools to create, alter and inspect Matroska files.


  1. Add apt source

    Terminal window
    deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/gpg-pub-moritzbunkus.gpg] https://mkvtoolnix.download/debian/ bookworm main
    deb-src [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/gpg-pub-moritzbunkus.gpg] https://mkvtoolnix.download/debian/ bookworm main

  2. Update apt

    Terminal window
    sudo apt update

  3. Install

    Terminal window
    sudo apt install mkvtoolnix mkvtoolnix-gui

  4. Preferences

    GUI

    Warnings

    • Warn before closing modified tabs
    • Warn before aborting running jobs
    • Warn before overwriting existing items (files, jobs etc.)

    Often used selections

    Languages

    • Selected
      • English (en; eng)
      • Undetermined (und)

    Countries & regions

    • Selected
      • United States of America (us; 840)

    Multiplexer

    General options

    • Clearing settings automatically: Close current settings
    • Warn about missing audio tracks: If audio tracks are present but none is enabled
    • Process priority: Lower priority
    • Probe range percentage: 0.30
    • Location of MediaInfo GUI: blank (default)
    • Ensure at least one track of each type has its “track enabled” flag set

    Adding files

    • When adding multiple files via “add source files”: Create one new multiplex settings tab for each file
    • When adding files via drag & drop/copy & paste: Create one new multiplex settings tab for each file
    • When adding directories via drag & drop/copy & paste: Create a new multiplex settings tab for each directory
    • Always create new multiplex settings for files containing video tracks
    • Sort files & tracks by track type when adding files
    • Detect file name sequences when adding multiple files

    Attachments

    • Always skip while attaching new files when attachment with same name exists

    Default values

    Defaults for newly added tracks

    • Automatically set the file title from source files
    • Automatically clear the file title when the last file is removed
    • Automatically set track delays from source file name
    • Disable “default track” flag for subtitle tracks
    • Disable additional lossless compression for all track types
    • Enable dialog normalization gain removal for audio tracks
    • Derive “forced display” flag for subtitles from file names: [[\](){}.+=#-]forced[[\](){}.+=#-]
    • Derive “hearing impair” flag for audio/subtitles from file names: [[\](){}.+=#-](cc | sdh)[[\](){}.+=#-]
    • Default subtitle charset to set: - No selection by default -

    Default track languages to set

    • Audio tracks: English (en)
    • Video tracks: English (en)
    • Subtitle tracks: English (en)
    • When to set the language: Also if the language is 'undetermined' ('und')

    Deriving track languages

    Deriving track languages from file names

    • Audio tracks: Also if the language is 'undetermined' ('und')
    • Video tracks: Never
    • Subtitle tracks: Also if the language is 'undetermined' ('und')

    Destination file name

    Destination file name

    • Automatically set the destination file name
    • Only use the first source file that contains a video track
    • Use the title as the base file name if a title is set
    • Use the input file’s directory name instead of the file name

    Destination directory

    • Directory relative to first source file’s directory: ./new
    • Ensure the file name is unique
    • Automatically clear the destination file name when the last file is removed

    Enabling items

    Enable copying of items by their type

    • Selected
      • Audio
      • Chapters
      • Global tags
      • Subtitles
      • Video

    Enable copying of tracks by their language

    • Only enable copying of tracks with specific languages by default
    • Selected
      • English (en; eng)

    General options

    • Always enable copying for all tracks of the following types regardless of their language:
      • Video
      • Audio
      • Subtitles
    • Always enable copying of forced subtitle tracks

    Jobs & job queue

    Jobs and job output

    • Always switch to the job output tool after starting one immediately
    • Always use a default description when adding a job to the queue
    • Show output of all jobs instead of current job only
    • Reset the warning and error counters on exit
    • Remove the output file when a job ends with errors or when it is aborted
    • Remove jobs from queue after completion: Only if the job completed successfully
    • Remove completed jobs from queue on exit
    • Remove completed jobs older than x days: 14 days
    • Maximum number of concurrent jobs: 1

openvpn

Connect to any OpenVPN protocol-compatible server or service.


  1. Select version

    openvpn 2.x

    Install
    Terminal window
    sudo apt install openvpn -y

  2. Make directory

    Terminal window
    mkdir -p /etc/openvpn/profile && cd /etc/openvpn/profile

  3. Modify .ovpn files

    Terminal window
    nano server1-tcp80.ovpn
    server1-tcp80.ovpn
    # Comment out the line below
    # setenv opt block-outside-dns
    

    # Add after `route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0`
    setenv PATH /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
    script-security 2
    up /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf
    down /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf
    down-pre

  4. Modify update-resolv-conf

    Terminal window
    nano /etc/openvpn/update-resolv-conf
    update-resolv-conf
    # Add after examples
    # Add as many as you like, replace ip address
    foreign_option_1='dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222'
    foreign_option_2='dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.220'
    foreign_option_3='dhcp-option DNS 146.112.128.66'

  5. Create auth.txt

    Terminal window
    nano auth.txt
    auth.txt
    # Edit username and password
    username
    password

  6. Connect

    Terminal window
    sudo openvpn --config /etc/openvpn/profile/server1-tcp80.ovpn

  7. Kill

    Terminal window
    sudo killall openvpn

puddletag

puddletag is an audio tag editor similar to the Windows program Mp3tag.

Terminal window
sudo apt install puddletag -y